It's a question that frequently comes to finance professor Timothy Johnson, who has helped oversee the endowment for 30 years. President of Johnson Investment Counsel and a College of Business professor since 1970, Johnson has seen the endowment's value grow from $80 million in '76 to more than $1 billion today. He recently answered some common questions about the endowment.
"The University's Endowment is a collection of individual funds," Johnson explained, "set up by donors or by the university. These individual funds are bound by strict parameters (called gift agreements) that dictate how each fund can be used.
"Donors and the university jointly agree on exactly what they want the contribution to support. Once the agreement is signed and the fund is established, the university can use the funds only for the purposes named in the agreement."
Today, the UC endowment comprises about 1,500 individual funds. "The money from these funds is pooled and invested in a variety of stocks, bonds, real estate and other alternative investments," Johnson said.
"The investments earn a return from both income and price appreciation. Part of the return is paid out yearly to be spent on the fund's designated purpose.
"This is how an endowed gift can produce funds in perpetuity and grow over time to maintain an inflation hedge. The university never technically 'spends' the endowment. Rather, UC spends the return that the endowment creates from investments."
The University of Cincinnati has a spending policy that dictates how much of the investment return can be paid out in a given year. Johnson said, "Currently, each fund pays out 5 percent of its average market value over the past 12 quarters. When investments are doing well, more will be paid out because the average market value will be higher. The spending policy also insulates the fund from hardships in the market and from inflation."
One of the most common questions Johnson has heard over the years is "Why are college endowments relied upon as a measure of the institution's vitality?" He explains, "Basically, the larger the endowment is, the more the university can do. UC has the 54th largest endowment of any university, public or private. That speaks volumes about the strength of this institution -- both in the short-term as well as the long-term. This is because the endowment aims to provide income in perpetuity, so people can reasonably conclude that the money will be there in the future."
"Endowed funds pay for many of the special programs that make good universities great. Scholarships, professorships, endowed chairs, research and special programs are all made possible with endowed gifts. Any college can have a quality program, but universities with large endowments can have the extras that make those programs outstanding.
"Here's another way to think about it," he added. "UC's endowment is valued at about $1 billion. Five percent of $1 billion is $50 million. So the UC endowment provides the university with $50 million every year for the things I just mentioned."
Johnson said there has been pressure in the past to spend a higher percentage of the endowment when money is scarce. "People have suggested we use the endowment to alleviate short-term setbacks. But when they consider how the endowment generates yearly income, they realize it would be short-sighted and would reduce the purchasing power for future generations."
Johnson speaks frequently with large potential UC donors, who sometimes have reservations about providing endowment funds to the university. "One of the most frequent concerns I see is that donors want to know that their gift will make a difference and be used for what was intended. As I said, once a gift agreement is signed and a fund established, the university must honor that agreement by law.
"Potential donors also want to have faith that the university will invest that money wisely, so gifts continue to provide income for their areas of choice long after the gifts are made. UC has a very sound investment policy that is driven by diversification and sophisticated asset allocation. If you look at our past performance, the investments have outperformed their 30-year market benchmarks. Our history shows that you really can feel confident creating or donating to a UC endowed fund."
So how important is the UC endowment to the university? "The main thing I tell potential donors is that this university wouldn't be what it is today without a healthy endowment.
"UC does so much good for the students who attend, as well as for the community in general. Your legacy would be supporting those positive efforts for many generations. It really is one of the most meaningful and well-stewarded gifts you can make."
Link:
University of Cincinnati Foundation